fullof.blogg.se - Dr najeeb lectures renal physiology

This system that urine is produced and excreted by the Along with the ureter, bladderĪnd urethra, they make up the urinary system. TheyĪre 7-10cm long and are the major excretory and

In the lower back region behind the intestines. The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs found

Urethra obstruction or ureter may predispose the kidney to bacterial infection.

The reason decreased body sodium causes arteriolar dilation is unknownlume as well – one of most important reasons.

The decrease ability of the failing heart to sustain adequate cardiac output causes the kidney to respond as if there is decreased blood volumeThe kidney to compensate withh retain more salt and water as a means to raise the blood volume Casues increase in blood volume to heartWhich result increase vascualr volume resulting in oedemaLoop diruetics are use to reduce the volume.

Example of aldosteroneanatagonist is a drug called spironolactoneIn pts with high levels of the hormone aldosterone, resutls in the ecretion of sodium and retention of KExamples of the Na channel inhibitor is the drug amilorideIn pt with low levels of aldosterone(addisionsdiease), it blocks the na/K exchange site in the collection tubule.

I unsure about that, what do kno it that it inhibits the co transport of Na+/ K+/ 2Cl in the luminial membrane in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.

Reduction in water reabsorption results in an increase of water excretion.

Diruetics are agents which increase the moblization of extra cellular fluid(ECF) this usually involves the loss of ions and waterThey act on tubules inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium along with chloride and/or bicarbonate and increases the excretion of these ions.Water reabsorption is dependent on sodium reabsorption.

Mention : Low sodium, leads to low plasma volume which leads to low cardio pressure, baroreceptors initiate reflexes which influence the renal arterioles and tubules so as to lower GFR.